Titanium Diffusion into LiNbO3 Crystals. Crystal Surface Observations at the Diffusion Process.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
LOW-ENERGY-ION ENHANCED DIFFUSION AT THE SURFACE OF METALS
Radiation enhanced diffusion at the surface of metals has been observed and studied for low-energy nitrogen ions at the surface of copper. The displacement of the target atoms during irradiation creates vacancies and other defects near the surface, thus enhancing the diffusion of implanted materials toward the surface and also into the solid. The mechanism has been studied here by a specia...
متن کاملlow-energy-ion enhanced diffusion at the surface of metals
radiation enhanced diffusion at the surface of metals has been observed and studied for low-energy nitrogen ions at the surface of copper. the displacement of the target atoms during irradiation creates vacancies and other defects near the surface, thus enhancing the diffusion of implanted materials toward the surface and also into the solid. the mechanism has been studied here by a special met...
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Diffusion-doping is an effective, practical method to improve material properties and widen material application. Here, we demonstrate a new physical phenomenon: diffusion control of an ion by another in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 crystals. We exemplify Ti(4+)/X(n+) (X(n+) = Sc(3+), Zr(4+), Er(3+)) co-diffusion in the widely studied LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 crystals. Some Ti(4+)/X(n+)-co-doped LiNbO3 and LiTaO...
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Consider faceting of a crystal surface caused by strongly anisotropic surface tension, driven by surface diffusion and accompanied by deposition (etching) due to fluxes normal to the surface. Nonlinear evolution equations describing the faceting of 1+1 and 2+1 crystal surfaces are studied analytically, by means of matched asymptotic expansions for small growth rates, and numerically otherwise. ...
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Using low-energy electron microscopy, we measure the diffusion of Pd into bulk Cu at the Cu(100) surface. Interdiffusion is tracked by measuring the dissolution of the Cu(100)-c(2 × 2)-Pd surface alloy during annealing (T>240 °C). The activation barrier for Pd diffusion from the surface alloy into the bulk is determined to be (1.8 ± 0.6) eV. During annealing, we observe the growth of a new laye...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Review of Laser Engineering
سال: 1993
ISSN: 0387-0200,1349-6603
DOI: 10.2184/lsj.21.9_981